The World Exposition opened in the Japanese city of Osaka, kicking off a six-month expo, which will bring together 158 countries, including arch-rivals China and the US, Kyodo News reported on Sunday.
The expo, expected to be visited by 28.2 million people, is centred on designing a sustainable future society, with organisers hoping for an economic effect worth $20 billion for the domestic economy.
Masakazu Tokura, chairman of the Japan Association for the 2025 World Exposition, declared the expo open, which will continue until October 13 on Yumeshima, an artificial island in Osaka Bay.
Major exhibits are encircled by the “Grand Ring”, which has a circumference of two kilometres and is recognised by the Guinness World Records as the world’s largest wooden architectural structure.
Its creator, Sou Fujimoto, told AFP that the expo is a “precious opportunity where so many different cultures and countries come together in one place to create diversity and unity”.
The main exhibits at the Japan pavilion include a “Mars rock” discovered by a Japanese research team in Antarctica in 2000, while the Osaka prefectural and city government’s health-themed pavilion features sheets of heart muscle made from iPS cells.
Another major draw will be the 42 “Type A” pavilions by exhibiting countries, including the US and China.
According to AFP, the expo also featured a beating artificial heart grown from stem cells and Hello Kitty figures in algae form.
The opening ceremony, featuring dancing, singing and a light show, was held on Saturday with 1,300 people attending, including Emperor Naruhito, Empress Masako and Prime Minister Shigeru Ishiba.
Divided society
Prime Minister Shigeru Ishiba said the event would help bring a sense of unity in a “divided society”. “Through Expo, we would like to restore a sense of unity in the world once again,” Ishiba told reporters.
But with conflicts raging and US President Donald Trump’s tariffs causing economic turmoil, that may be optimistic.
“Not for sale” states a yellow and blue sign over Ukraine's booth – echoing defiant comments from leader Volodymyr Zelensky about the war with Russia, which is absent at Expo 2025.
“We want the world to know more about our resilience. We are the ones who create, not the ones who destroy,” Tatiana Berezhna, deputy minister of economy of Ukraine, told AFP.
Yahel Vilan, head of Israel’s equally compact pavilion – there is also a Palestinian one –featuring a stone from Jerusalem’s Western Wall, told AFP that “we came with a message of peace”.
The US building has the theme “America the Beautiful” but with no mention of Trump’s trade policies. Instead, it focuses on the country’s landscapes, AI tech and space, including a simulated rocket launch where dry-ice blasters appear to ignite above visitors’ heads.
The nearby Chinese pavilion, evoking a calligraphy scroll, focuses on green technology and lunar samples brought by the Chang’e-5 and Chang’e-6 probes.
Human washing machine
After enjoying the view and sea breeze atop the Grand Ring’s “skywalk”, hungry visitors can stop by the world’s longest sushi conveyor belt or meet the many-eyed Expo 2025 mascot Myaku-Myaku.
Among the more bizarre displays are 32 sculptures of Hello Kitty dressed as different types of algae – to symbolise the plant’s many uses – and a “human washing machine” that shows imagery based on the bather’s heart rate.
Elsewhere are demonstrations of drone-like flying vehicles and the tiny artificial heart made from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS) shown in public for the first time. “It has an actual pulse,” Byron Russel of Pasona Group, which runs the exhibit, told AFP.
Themes of sustainability run through the Expo, including at the bauble-like Swiss pavilion, which aims to have the smallest ecological footprint. But expos have been criticised for their temporary nature, and after October, Osaka’s man-made island will be cleared to make way for a casino resort.
According to Japanese media, only 12.5 percent of the Grand Ring will be reused.
Slow ticket sales
Expo is also known as a World’s Fair, and the phenomenon which brought the Eiffel Tower to Paris began with London’s 1851 Crystal Palace exhibition and is held every five years.
The 2020 edition in Dubai was postponed by the Covid-19 pandemic, so Osaka Expo organisers say it will “restore much-needed connections” and “provide the opportunity to create a better tomorrow”.
Osaka last hosted the Expo in 1970, when Japan was booming and its technology the envy of the world. It attracted 64 million people, a record until Shanghai in 2010. But 55 years on, Japan is less of a trendsetter, and opinion polls show low levels of enthusiasm among the public for the Expo, particularly after it went 27 percent over budget.
So far, 8.7 million advance tickets have been shifted, below the pre-sales target of 14 million. Japan is also experiencing a record tourism boom, meaning accommodation in Osaka – near the hotspot Kyoto – is often fully booked with prices sky-high. But early visitors at the venue voiced their excitement.
Resident Emiko Sakamoto, who also visited the region’s last Expo more than five decades ago, was determined to return to the site repeatedly to see all the pavilions. “I think the Expo is meaningful in this chaotic time, she said. “People will think about peace after visiting the venue.”
