Daga Kabir Adamu

Tun bayan hawansa mulki a ranar 29 ga Mayun 2023, Shugaba Bola Ahmed Tinubu ya ɗauki matakai da dama don magance matsalar rashin tsaro da ta daɗe tana addabar ƙasar nan.

Wannan ya haɗa da yaƙi da Boko Haram a yankin Arewa maso Gabas, satar mutane don neman kuɗin fansa da kungiyoyin 'yan bindiga ke yi, rikice-rikicen kabilanci a sassa daban-daban na kasar, da kuma yanayin rashin tabbas a yankin Neja-Delta mai arzikin man fetur.

A ƙarƙashin shirin gwamnatinsa na 'Renewed Hope Agenda,' Shugaba Tinubu ya naɗa ƙwararrun jami'an tsaro don jagorantar hukumomi daban-daban, tare da tsawaita wa'adin wasu shugabannin tsaro domin tabbatar da kwanciyar hankali.

Gwamnatin ta kuma ƙara kasafin kuɗin ɓangaren tsaro daga Naira tiriliyan 1.25 a shekarar 2023 zuwa Naira tiriliyan 3.25 a 2024 (ƙaruwar kashi 160%), sannan zuwa Naira tiriliyan 4.91 a 2025.

Gwamnatin Tinubu, wadda yanzu ta kai tsakiyar zangon mulkinta na farko (wanda za a iya sabuntawa), ta kafa sabbin tsare-tsare don magance tushen matsalolin tsaro.

Wannan ya haɗa da kafa Ma'aikatar Raya Dabbobi don magance rikice-rikicen makiyaya da manoma, da kuma Hukumar Kula da Ilimin Almajirai da Yara Marasa Zuwa Makaranta (NCAOOSC), wadda za ta taimaka wajen hana yara masu rauni shiga ƙungiyoyin 'yan bindiga don aikata tashin hankali.

Kamar yadda gwamnatocin baya suka yi ƙoƙarin bai wa ƙananan hukumomi 'yancin cin gashin kansu, gwamnatin Tinubu ta yi irin wannan yunƙuri.

Wannan matakin na iya taimakawa wajen tabbatar da sa ido da kuma ingantaccen aiki a matakin ƙasa.

Haka kuma, matakan da aka dauka don tabbatar da zaman lafiya a yankin Neja-Delta sun taimaka wajen ƙara yawan samar da man fetur daga ganga 900,000 a kowace rana a 2023 zuwa ganga miliyan 1.7 a halin yanzu.

Rahotanni sun nuna cewa an samu raguwar adadin mutanen da suke rasa rayukansu sakamakon ayyukan ta'addanci.

Kamfanonin bincike irin su Beacon Security and Intelligence Limited (BSIL) da kuma Global Terrorism Index na Cibiyar Tattalin Arziki da Zaman Lafiya sun tabbatar da samun wannan ci gaba.

A wani bincike da BSIL ta gudanar, an gano cewa daga watan Yulin 2021 zuwa Mayun 2023, mutum 18,572 sun rasa rayukansu, an sace 9,795, yayin da aka kai hare-hare 8,483.

Daga watan Yunin 2023 zuwa Afrilun 2025, an samu mutum 17,617 da suka mutu, an sace 16,462, da kuma hare-hare 15,437.

Duk da haka, adadin waɗanda suka rasa rayukansu da kuma ci gaba da hare-haren na ci gaba da zama abin damuwa.

Rahoton cibiyar bincike ta Crime Experience and Security Perception Survey (CESPS) na 2024 daga Hukumar Kididdiga ta Kasa (NBS) ya nuna irin wannan yanayin rashin tsaro mai tayar da hankali a Nijeriya.

Rahoton, wanda aka wallafa a ranakun 17 da 18 ga watan Disamban 2024, ya bayyana yadda gidajen iyalai a Nijeriya suka fuskanci matsaloli da kuma yadda suke kallon lamarin ba su tsaro daga watan Mayu 2023 zuwa Afrilu 2024.

Wannan rahoton ya zama tunatarwa mai karfi game da yadda rashin tsaro ke ci gaba da zama barazana ga tattalin arziki da kuma yadda jama'a ke rasa amana ga hukumomin tsaro.

Duk da ƙoƙarin gwamnati, Nijeriya ba ta kai matsayin tsaro na ƙasa da ya dace da burin ci gabanta ba.

Matsalolin tsaro kamar iyakoki masu rauni da ta'addanci da laifukan tashin hankali irin su fashi da rikice-rikicen makiyaya da manoma, da sauran rikice-rikicen ƙabilanci suna ci gaba da zama ƙalubale.

A karshen wani taro a watan Afrilu 2025, gwamnoni daga jam'iyyar APC mai mulki da kuma PDP mai adawa sun bayyana damuwarsu kan yadda rashin tsaro ke kara ta'azzara a Nijeriya.

Gwamna Babagana Zulum na jihar Borno (APC) da Gwamna Caleb Mutfwang na jihar Filato (PDP) sun nuna matukar damuwa kan yadda ake ci gaba da rasa rayuka da kuma tashin hankali mai tsanani.

Gwamna Zulum ya koka kan yadda hare-haren Boko Haram suka sake dawowa a jihar Borno, yana mai cewa sojojin gwamnati suna 'rasa iko' saboda karfin 'yan ta'adda.

A nasa ɓangaren, Gwamna Mutfwang ya bayyana tashin hankalin a Filato a matsayin 'shirye-shiryen da aka tsara' don korar al'ummomi, tare da neman afuwa ga iyalan da abin ya shafa saboda gazawar gwamnati wajen kare su.

Gwamna Hyacinth Alia na jihar Benue (APC) shima ya bayyana damuwarsa, yana mai cewa jiharsa tana 'cikin tsaka mai wuya' sakamakon hare-haren 'yan ta'adda da kungiyoyin 'yan bindiga, inda ya danganta yawancin hare-haren ga wadanda ba 'yan Nijeriya ba.

Ya roƙi gwamnatin tarayya da ta kawo ɗauki na gaggawa don fatattakar waɗannan 'yan ta'adda.

Duk da bambancin jam'iyyunsu, koken gwamnoni ya nuna muhimmancin matsalar tsaro a Najeriya da kuma bukatar daukar matakan gaggawa ba tare da nuna bangaranci ba.

Don cim ma nasarar tsaro mai ɗorewa, akwai buƙatar ɗaukar matakai da suka haɗa da inganta shugabanci da rarraba alhakin tsaro, kula da iyakoki, da kuma magance tushen matsalolin tsaro.

Duk da ƙarin kuɗaɗen da aka ware, rashin fayyace ayyukan hukumomin tsaro daban-daban na kawo cikas ga ingancin wadannan kuɗaɗe.

Ana bukatar gudanar da tarurrukan Majalisar Tsaro ta Ƙasa akai-akai don tsara manufofi da kuma sa ido da kyau.

Haka kuma, tsare-tsaren tsaro na ƙasa da manufofin tsaro na ƙasa suna buƙatar sabuntawa don dacewa da yanayin barazanar tsaro na yanzu.

A ƙarshe, akwai buƙatar kafa tsarin da zai tabbatar da ɗaukar mataki kan shugabannin tsaron da suka gaza, tare da ƙarfafa al'adar aiki mai kyau da kuma hana rashin hukunci.

Kiraye-kirayen kafa 'yan sandan jihohi dole ne a bi shi da matakan da suka dace, ciki har da gyaran kundin tsarin mulki.

Wannan zai bai wa jihohi da ƙananan hukumomi damar ɗaukar nauyin tsaro a matakin ƙasa.

Duk da haka, dole ne a tabbatar da kare hakkin bil'adama, gudanar da ayyukan tsaro a yankunan karkara, da kuma gina amana tsakanin al'umma.

Shirin daukar ma'aikatan daji wani mataki ne mai kyau, amma nasararsa zai dogara da yadda za a aiwatar da shi yadda ya kamata.

Tsaron Nijeriya yana buƙatar tsari mai faɗi wanda ya haɗa da kula da iyakoki da haɗin gwiwa da kasashen maƙwabta, da kuma inganta tsaron intanet.

Magance talauci, samar da ayyukan yi, da bunkasa yankunan karkara na da muhimmanci don rage yiwuwar daukar matasa cikin kungiyoyin tsageru.

Haka kuma, warware rikice-rikicen makiyaya da manoma, da tallafa wa wadanda abin ya shafa, zai taimaka wajen gina zaman lafiya.

Dole ne a samar da tsare-tsare masu inganci da suka hada da shugabanci na gaskiya da tsaro mai ƙarfi, da kuma magance matsalolin zamantakewa don cim ma tsaro mai ɗorewa.

Marubuci: Dr. Kabir Adamu, Manajan Darakta na Beacon Security and Intelligence Limited, kamfanin bincike da shawara kan tsaro da ke aiki a yankin Sahel.