An kafa Ƙungiyar Raya Tattalin Arziƙin Ƙasashen Yammacin Afirka (ECOWAS ko kuma CEDAO) ne a ranar 28 ga wata Mayun shekarar 1975, shekaru 50 da suka wuce, a wata yarjejeniyar da aka yi a birnin Legas na Nijeriya.

An rattaɓa hannu a yarjejenyar ne domin ƙasashen su haɗa kai wajen magance matsalolinsu tare da haɓaka tattalin arziƙinsu.

Shugabannin da suka rattaɓa hannu a yarjejeniyar

Shugabannin ƙasashen da suka rattaɓa hannu a yarjejeniyar legas ɗin dai sun haɗa da Lutanent Mathieu Kerekou, Shugaban Dahomey (Jamhuriyar Benin) da Sir Dauda Jawara, Shugaban Gambiya, da Mista Luis Cabral, Shugaban Gunie Bissau, da Mista Felix Houphouet-Boigny, shugaban Ivory Coast, da Dakta William Tolbert, Shugaban ƙasar Laberiya.

A cikin shugabannin akwai Manjor Baba Diarra, Shugaban Jamhuriyar Mali, da Janar Gnassingbe Eyadema, Shugaban ƙasar Togo, da Moktar Ould Daddah, Shugaban Muritaniya da Lutanant R.J.A Felli, Kwamishinan tsara tattalin arziƙi wanda ya rattaɓa hannua madadin shugaban Ghana.

Kazalika, akwai Dakta Lansana Beavogui Firayim Ministan Guinea a madadin shugaban ƙasar, da kuma Lutanan Kanal Seyni Kounche, Shugaban ƙasar Nijar, da Janar Yakubu Gowon, Shugaban Nijeriya da Mista Abdou Diouf , Firayim Minista, a madadin shugaba da gwamnatin Senegal.

Har wa yau a akwai Dakta Siaka Stevens, Shugaban ƙasar Saliyo da kuma Janar Sangoule Lamizana shugaban ƙasar Upper Volta (Burkina Faso).

A ranar 24 ga watan Juli na shekarar 1993 wasu shuwagabannin ƙasashen ƙungiyar sun gyra yarjejeniyar ƙungiyar ECOWAS ɗin domin yarjejeniyar ta dace da zamani.

Tabbatar da Doka da Oda

Ƙungiyar ECOWAS ta daɗe tana ba da gudumawa wajen tabbatar da bin doka da oda a a cikin ƙasashen yammacin Afirka 

A shekarar 1990 ne dai ƙungiyar ta ƙaddamar da rundunar kiyaye zaman lafiya ta ECOMOG wandda ta tura ƙasar Laberiya domin kawo ƙarshen yaƙin basasan ƙasar.

Rundunar ECOMOG ba ta tsaya a Laberiya ba. A shekarar 1998 an tura rundunar ƙasar Saliyo bayan sojoji sun tunɓuke gwamnatin Shugaba Ahmad Tejan Kabba, lamarin da ya dawo da shugaban ƙsar kan ragamar mulki.

An tura ECOMOG ƙasar Guinea-Bissau Fabrairun shekarar 1999 domin tabbatar da mutunta yarjejeniyar da ƙungiyar ta samar a shekarar 1998, inda aka fara yaƙin basasa bayan Shugaba Joao Bernardo Vieira ya kori hafsan soji Ansumane Mane kan zargin taimaka wa ‘yan-awaren Senegal, lamarin da ya jnayo tawayen sojoji

A shekarar 2010 bayan Shugaba Laurent Gbagbo ya ƙi amincewa da sakamakon zaɓen da ya nuna cewa ya sha kaye a hannun Alassane Ouattara, ECOWAS ta dakatar da Ivory Coast tare da ƙaƙaba wa gwamnatin Gbagbo takunkumi yayin da ta shiga tsakanin a rikicin bayan zaɓen, inda ta yarda da Ouattara a matsayin shugaban ƙasar na gaskiya.

A shekarar 2012 ECOWAS ta yi Allahwadai da juyin muokin da aka yi a Mali a watan Maris inda ta ƙaƙaba takunkumi domin dawowa da ƙasar tafarkin Dimoraɗiyya

Kazalika a shekarar 2017 ECOWAS ta kafa runduna ta musamman domin tabbatar da cewa shugaban ƙasar Gambiya na lokacin Yahaya Jammeh ya miƙa mulki ga Shugaba Adama Barrow da ya yi nasara zaɓen shugaban ƙasar.

Shiga da ficewa

Tun bayan an kafa ƙungiyar dai, yawan ƙsashen da ke cikin ƙuniyar suna ƙaruwa ko kuma raguwa daga lokaci zuwa lokaci.

Kimanin shekaru biyu bayan an yi yarjejeniyar Legas ne dai ƙasar Cape Verde ta shiga cikin ƙungiyar ta ECOWAS a shekarar 1977.

Sai dai kuma ɗaya daga cikin ƙasashen da suka kafa ƙungiyar ta ECOWAS, Mauritania, ta fice daga cikin ƙungiyar a shekarar 1999.

Duk da cewa ƙasar ba ta bayyana dalilin da ya sa ta fita da daga ƙungiyar ba, ƙasar ta nuna cewa ta ɗauki matakin ne domin ta ƙarfafa dangantaka da ƙasashen arewacin Afirka.

Sai dai kuma ƙasar Moroko da ke arewacin Afirka ta fara neman shiga ƙungiyar ECOWAS tun shekarar 2017.

Kuma ƙasar tana ci gaba da dakon lokacin da za a bata damar shiga cikin ƙungiyar ta ECOWAS .

Amma kuma ƙasashen Nijar da Mali da Burkina Faso da ke cikin ƙasashe da suka kafa ƙungiyar ECOWAS sun fice daga cikin ƙungiyar bayan an yi juyin mulki a Nijar lamarin da ya sa ECOWAS ta yi barazanar afka wa Nijar.

Wannan ne ya sa yanzu ƙasashen da suke cikin ƙungiyar ta ECOWAS suka zama 12.